Indonesian Journal of International Relations

KEPENTINGAN AMERIKA SERIKAT UNTUK BERGABUNG KEMBALI KE THE UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION (UNESCO) TAHUN 2023

Adelia Adistya — 2025-02-26

This research examines the motivations behind the United States (US) rejoining the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 2023. After the US withdrew from UNESCO in 2017, there was a shift in the influence of hegemonic power from the US to countries that have large financial contributions to UNESCO, such as China. This research uses the concepts of national interest, balance of power, and William D. Coplin's foreign policy theory. The research method is qualitative, with data sources derived from literature studies of books, journals, official government websites, and others. This research finds the power-balancing efforts made by the US from China's influence on UNESCO as a step toward achieving US interests in UNESCO. This research shows that the US interest in rejoining UNESCO in 2023 is to restore US dominance by instilling liberal democratic values that are the basis of US politics and economics in every UNESCO program.

KETERGANTUNGAN AUSTRALIA DI BIDANG PERTAHANAN

Rio Kevin — 2025-02-26

Australia telah menikmati keamanan dari aliansinya sejak 1901. Namun, aliansi tidak memberikan keuntungan secara cuma-cuma. Mendukung kepentingan strategis mitra merupakan salah satu bentuk beban aliansi. Artikel ini menganalisa ketergantungan Australia terhadap aliansi dengan Amerika Serikat dan Inggris sejak berdirinya negara tersebut hingga era kontemporer yang ditandai dengan keikutsertaan Australia dalam Australia, United Kingdom, dan United States (AUKUS). Artikel ini menggunakan konsep dilema keamanan dan aliansi untuk mengolah data kualitatif yang didapatkan melalui studi literatur. Analisa dilakukan terhadap keuntungan yang diterima dari aliansi guna menjelaskan bagaimana Australia bersedia membayar biaya dari aliansi. Kami menemukan bahwa Australia sangat membutuhkan keamanan yang didapatkannya dari aliansi dengan Amerika Serikat atau/dan Inggris sehingga rela menanggung biaya besar dari keanggotaannya. Survivability Australia merupakan kebutuhan pokok yang mampu dipenuhi oleh aliansi. Kalkulasi strategis Australia juga memengaruhi kultur strategisnya. Studi ini berguna untuk memahami bagaimana suatu negara mengkalkulasikan kebijakan pertahanan yang akan diambilnya.

DIPLOMASI BUDAYA KOREA SELATAN TERHADAP INDONESIA MELALUI DRAMA KOREA BERTEMA KELUARGA TAHUN 2021-2023

Raisa Adisti — 2025-02-26

This article analyzes South Korea's cultural diplomacy towards Indonesia through family-themed Korean dramas in 2021-2023. Family-themed Korean dramas play a role in building a positive image of South Korea and strengthening cultural ties between the two countries. This article uses Patricia Goff's theory of cultural diplomacy, namely connection, consistency, and innovation, in the production and distribution of family-themed Korean dramas. The method used is qualitative with literature study, interviews, and content analysis. The results of the research show that family-themed Korean dramas not only convey universal family values, but also introduce Korean culture to Indonesian audiences, including language, food, and traditions. Family-themed Korean dramas have succeeded in increasing understanding of Korean culture in Indonesia, creating a consistent positive image, and innovating in digital distribution. This success strengthens bilateral relations between South Korea and Indonesia through an effective cultural diplomacy strategy.

PERANAN MILITER DALAM KONFLIK INTERNAL MYANMAR PADA TAHUN 2017-2022

Arya Adhi Saputra — 2025-02-26

This study aims to explain how the role of the military has increasingly sharpened the internal conflict in Myanmar in 2017-2021 between the military government and ethnic minorities in Myanmar. For this purpose, qualitative research methods, document studies and literature are used. To strengthen the analysis, the concept of bad leaders and the concept of intractable conflict are used. The results of the study show that the Myanmar military is the main actor that prolongs the conflict, or the main factor in creating and maintaining intractable conflict in Myanmar. The strong role and ambition of Min Aung Hlaing as the military leader in leading the coup is to return Myanmar to a military authoritarian state. In conclusion, as long as the Tatmadaw does not relinquish power, and there is no effective international pressure, this conflict is likely to remain in a stalemate phase with a prolonged deadlock

ANALYZING THE ROLE OF THE UNITED NATIONS IN FACING TALIBAN RESTRICTION WOMEN’S EDUCATION IN AFGHANISTAN 2021

Adilia Khansa Azzahrah — 2025-02-26

The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of the UN in addressing the restrictions on women's education imposed by the Taliban government in 2021. This study employs a qualitative approach with a literature review methodology. Primary data consists of research findings from journals accessed through databases like Scopus, Publish or Perish 8, Google Scholar, and Google, using keywords such as Afghanistan, Discrimination, UN, Education, and Restrictions, with a timeframe limit from 2019 to 2024. Secondary data includes various relevant literature. The collected data is then analyzed using a Human Rights perspective. The author finds that the UN has played a role in addressing ongoing issues in Afghanistan and in efforts to prevent further problems, through advocacy activities, technical assistance, and humanitarian support. Additionally, the UN engages the international community to exert pressure on the Taliban government and to facilitate dialogue with them

STRATEGI POROS MARITIM DUNIA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PENGEMBALIAN IDENTITAS INDONESIA SEBAGAI BANGSA MARITIM

Gregorius Manggala — 2025-02-27

This study analyzes how the Global Maritime Axis (GMA) strategy can help restore Indonesia's identity as a maritime nation. This study uses a qualitative research method with a literature study approach. The concept of maritime strategy explains how a country can manage its waters and marine resources for the welfare of its people. The results of the study show that the GMA strategy emphasizes the importance of building a maritime culture, managing marine resources responsibly, and developing maritime infrastructure and connectivity. Indonesia's maritime identity is not only based on geographical and historical factors but also on the capacity to manage marine resources and overcome the challenges faced. With proper implementation, this strategy can help Indonesia realize its potential as a strong and independent maritime nation. Therefore, the GMA strategy needs to be continuously developed and strengthened through sustainable policies and active participation from various stakeholders

THE KURDISTAN REGIONAL GOVERNMENT (KRG) - IRAQ OIL CONFLICT: NAVIGATING LEGAL PLURALISM IN CONFLICT RESOLUTION

Robby Panji Kusuma — 2025-02-27

This study aims to examine the complex oil dispute between the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) and the Federal Government of Iraq, highlighting its political, economic, and social dimensions. Using a multidisciplinary approach, this research employs qualitative analysis based on legal and policy frameworks to assess the implications of the conflict. The findings indicate that the dispute extends beyond resource control, affecting federal governance, ethnic autonomy, and national stability. Economically, it disrupts regional development and threatens Iraq’s oil-dependent economy. Socially, it exacerbates ethnic divisions, while politically, it challenges legal interpretations of resource rights and revenue sharing. The study concludes that resolving this conflict requires comprehensive policy reforms, enhanced transparency, and international cooperation to foster sustainable regional stability and development.

AN OVERVIEW OF JAPAN-INDONESIA MARITIME SECURITY OF INDO PASIFIC REGION

Siti Nurjannah — 2025-02-27

The Indo-Pacific region has become the center of targetted market in global partnership. Due to its strategic economic, political and security aspects, there is a need to maintain the securities along the side of Pasific ocean. Indonesia and Japan's foreign policies focuses on building global market access, in which results in impact for regional stability and security toward neighbouring countries of Indo Pasfic. Meanwhile, consideration on how Japan and Indonesia maintain the good partnership between both by Meanwhile, we are considering how Japan and Indonesia maintain a good partnership between the two through the Indonesia-Japan Maritime Forum (IJMF). The scope of cooperation includes the fields of maritime security and maritime safety, maritime economic development, maritime infrastructure development and maritime education and training. This research presents innovation by combining analysis of regional scuroty complex based on the national interests of two countries. The research uses a text-based qualitative descriptive method with a descriptive-interpretive analysis approach. This approach allows researchers to understand and explain the comparative maritime defense policies of the two countries from the perspective of national interests. The Indo-Pacific region is becoming increasingly important in world security politics, with Indonesia and Japan as two key players who prioritize their national interests. The synergy between these two countries is the key to creating better stability and security in this region. The research question posed in this article is what is the picture of Indonesia and Japan's maritime foreign policy regarding the Indo-Pacific region and its implications for regional security stability.