Localizing Global Urban Agendas: Implementing SDG 11 and the ASEAN Smart Cities Framework in Bandar Lampung
Abstract
This study examines how global urban norms, particularly SDG 11 and the ASEAN Smart Cities Network (ASCN), are adopted and internalized within the policy structures of Bandar Lampung City. By modifying Amitav Acharya’s Norm Localization Theory into an instrument-based institutional approach, the study traces interactions between institutional subjects (bureaucratic agencies) and policy objects (planning documents, regulations, and digital platforms). Data were collected through document analysis and institutional interviews. Our findings show that norm adoption is primarily driven by vertical compliance with central government mandates rather than local initiatives. Through translation, grafting, and congruence building, local bureaucracies successfully project an image of digital modernization. However, structural selection triggers policy fragmentation and tech-bias, prioritizing digital administrative efficiency while physical-spatial sustainability remains underdeveloped. The study concludes that in secondary cities, norm localization is likely to produce selective internalization, reducing the concept of a smart and inclusive city to the mere digitalization of bureaucratic services.
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References
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