KEPENTINGAN CINA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN PANGKALAN MILITER DI DJIBOUTI PADA TAHUN 2016
Keywords:
Military Base, China, Djibouti, National Interest, Neorealism
Abstract
China is not only the most populated country in the world. China's success is so rapidly, especially in the economic field that China so overwhelmed many countries. Entering a new chapter in the 21st century is not only focused on economic, China then renewed its defense policy to strengthen China's sovereignty and achieve its national interests. One of China's strategies was to build its first military base in Djibouti, Africa, in 2016 then. It was a new history for China in its military field. This study aims to analyze the intentions and objectives of China that built its military base in Djibouti using the neorealist theory of Kenneth Waltz. The focus of this research lead to the China’s military base that grown from some factors and the effect on the global order.
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References
Buku
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The Guardian News. (2015). Dalam artikel “China willing to do more in Horn of Africa: Beijing”. https://guardian.ng/news/china-willing-to-do-more-in-horn-of-africa-beijing/, (diakses pada 04 April 2020).
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Zhang, Zhixing. (2017). Dalam artikel “China Takes An Expansionist View Of Geopolitics”. https://www.forbes.com/sites/stratfor/2017/10/31/china-takes-an-expansionist-view-of-geopolitics/#773db7a76a52, (diakses pada 17 Februari 2020).
Dugis, Vinsensio (ed). (2016). Teori Hubungan Internasional Perspketif- Perspketif Klasik. Surabaya: PT Revka Petra Media.
Mas’oed, M. (1989). Studi Hubungan Internasional: Tingkat Analisis dan Teorisasi. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: PAUU-SS-UGM.
Waltz, K. N. (1979). Theory of international politics. Philipines: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.
Wasserstrom, Jeffrey N. (2013). TIONGKOK DI ABAD 21 YANG PERLU SEMUA ORANG KETAHUI. Jakarta : PT. Elex Media Komputindo
Jurnal Ilmiah
Asrudin, Azwar. (2014). “Thomas Kuhn dan Teori Hubungan Internasional: Realisme sebagai Paradigma”. Indonesian Journal of International Studies (IJIS) Vol.1, No.2 hal.113, Desember 2014. https://doi.org/10.22146/globalsouth.28830
Beckley, Michael. (2017). “The Emerging Military Balance in East Asia: How China’s Neighbors Can Check Chinese Naval Expansion”. International Security, Vol. 42, No. 2 hal. 78–119. https://doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00294
Bitzinger, Richard. (2011). “Modernising China's military, 1997-2012”. China Perspectives, Issue No. 4 hal: 7-15 tahun 2011. DOI: 10.4000/chinaperspectives.5701
Blanchard Jean-Marc F. and Colin Flint. (2017). “The Geopolitics of China’s Maritime Silk Road Initiative”. GEOPOLITICS VOL. 22, NO. 2. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2017.1291503
Enuka, C. (2012). “China's Military Presence in Africa: Implications for Africa’s Woobling Peace”. Journal of Political Studies ,Vol. 2 No.1, 97-117.
Erickson, Andrew S. and Strange, Austin M. (2015). China’s Blue Soft Power: Antipiracy, engagement, and image enhancement. Naval War College Review, 68 (1), 71-91.
Fathun, Laode M. (2016). “PENGARUH PENINGKATAN KEKUATAN MILITER CINA TERHADAP KEAMANAN STABILITAS REGIONAL ASIA TIMUR”. Jurnal The Politics Vol. 2 No. 2, Juli 2016. (E-ISSN): 2527-2829
Lisbet. (2012). “Peningkatan Kekuatan Militer China”. Pusat Pengkajian Pengolahan Data dan Informasi (P3DI) Setjen DPR RI, Vol. IV, No. 05/I/P3DI/Maret/20, 6. ISSN: 2088-2351
Mlambo, Daniel N., Victor H. Mlambo, and Mandla A. Mubecua. (2018). “The Rise of Chinese Investments in Africa: For Whose Benefit?”. Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 81-87, August 2018. DOI: 10.22610/jebs.v10i4.2409.g1674
Purwanto, Adi J. (2010). “PENINGKATAN ANGGARAN MILITER CINA DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KEAMANAN DI ASIA TIMUR”. Jurnal Ilmu Politik Hubungan Internasional Vol. 7, No. 1, Juni 2010.
Telhami, Shibley. (2002). “Kenneth Waltz, Neorealism, And Foreign Policy”. Journal Security Studies Vol. 11 no. 3 tahun 2002. DOI: 10.1080/714005344
Utami, Kiki W. P. dan Erna Kurniawati. (2017). “KEPENTINGAN CINA DALAM MEMBANGUN MILITARY SUPPORT HUB DI DJIBOUTI”. Jurnal Paradigma, Volume 21, Nomor 1, Januari - Juni 2017. https://doi.org/10.31315/paradigma.v21i1.2756
Yasuhiro, M. (2006) “China’s Military Diplomacy: Examination of Intentions in Foreign Strategy”. NIDS SecurityRepors, No. 7, 1-40 (December 2006).
Sumber Internet
Adem, Seifudein. (2018). Dalam artikel “Japan and China in Africa: Allies, Partners or Adversaries?”. Laporan Penelitian: FRASO Working Papers, No. 2. http://www.afraso.org/sites/default/files/downloads/afraso_WS02.pdf, (diakses pada 07 September 2019).
AFRICA TIMES. (2020). Dalam artikel berita “In Djibouti, China vows to back BRI projects including Doraleh”. (10 January 2020). https://africatimes.com/2020/01/10/in-djibouti-china-vows-to-back-bri-projects-including-doraleh, (diakses pada 03 April 2020).
Aljazeera Media Network. (2015). Dalam artikel “China 'negotiates military base' in Djibouti”. (9 May 2015). https://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2015/05/150509084913175.html, (diakses pada 04 April 2020)
BBC News. (2016). Dalam artikel “Djibouti profile - full profile”. (7 april 2016). https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13231763, (diakses pada 26 Februari 2020).
Bickford, T. J. (2016). Dalam artikel “Haiyang Qiangguo: China as a Maritime Power”. Virginia: China Studies Division of CNA. https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/1014584.pdf, (diakses pada 03 April 2020).
Blair, Edmund. (2016). Dalam artikel “China to Start Work Soon on Naval Base in Djibouti: Guelleh”. JakartaGlobe (February 03, 2016). https://jakartaglobe.id/context/china-start-work-soon-naval-base-djibouti-guelleh/, (diakses pada 04 April 2020).
Bo, Zhou. (2016). Dalam artikel “Station looks beyond anti-piracy mission”. China Daily, (March 18, 2016). https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2016-03/18/content_23931684.htm, (diakses pada 04 April 2020).
Cai, P. (2017). Dalam artikel “Understanding China’s Belt and" Road Initiative”. Lowy Institute,2.https://www.lowyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/documents/UnderstandingChinaBeltandRoadInitiative_WEB_1.pdf, (diakses pada 07 September 2019).
Chaziza, Mordechai. (2018). Dalam artikel “China's Military Base in Djibouti”, Mideast Security and Policy Studies No. 153. http://dehai.org/dehai/assets/dehai/2018/291075China's%20Military%20Base%20in%20Djibouti.pdf, (diakses pada 07 September 2019).
Debora, Y. (2017a). Dalam artikel “Ambisi Cina dengan Proyek Jalur Sutra Abad 21”. tirto.id. https://tirto.id › ambisi-cina-dengan-proyek-jalur-sutra-abad-21-cv27, (diakses pada 01 September 2019).
__________. (2017b). Dalam artikel “Ketika Cina Mulai Ekspansi Militer di Afrika”. tirto.id (14 Juli 2017). https://tirto.id/ketika-cina-mulai-ekspansi-militer-di-afrika-csJG, (diakses pada 04 April 2020)
Dinarto, Dedi. (2016). Dalam artikel “Japan-Philippines Defense Pact May Worsen South China Sea Tension”. ASEAN Studies Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada (28 April 2016). http://asc.fisipol.ugm.ac.id/2016/04/28/japan-philippines-defense-pact-may-worsen-south-china-sea-tension/, (diakses pada 20 Februari 2020)
Dutton, Peter A., Isaac B. Kardon, and Conor M. Kennedy. (2020). China Maritime Report No. 6: Djibouti: China's First Overseas Strategic Strongpoint”. https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1005&context=cmsi-maritime-reports, (diakses pada 04 April 2020)
Headley, Tyler. (2018). Dalam artikel “China’s Djibouti Base: A One Year Update, China’s first overseas military base provides an interesting test case for its global ambitions”. THE DIPLOMAT (December 04, 2018).
https://thediplomat.com/2018/12/chinas-djibouti-base-a-one-year-update/, (diakses pada 07 September 2019).
Hutapea, U. Rita. (2019). Dalam artikel “AS Kian Prihatin Akan Meningkatnya Pengaruh China di Dunia”. detikNews (16 Januari 2019). https://news.detik.com/internasional/d-4387165/as-kian-prihatin-akan-meningkatnya-pengaruh-china-di-dunia, (diakses pada 04 April 2020).
Kemlu. (2018). Dalam artikel “Profil Djibouti”. https://kemlu.go.id/addisababa/id/pages/djibouti/64/etc-menu, (diakses pada 26 Februaru 2020).
Kuang P. and Wu Jiao. (2008). Dalam artikel “China's piracy fight to boost US ties”. China Daily, (December 22, 2008). http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2008-12/22/content_7327363.htm, (diakses pada 03 April 2020).
Panda, Ankit. (2015). Dalam artikel “A Naval Base on the Horn of Africa for China?”. THE DIPLOMAT (May 13, 2015). https://thediplomat.com/2015/05/a-naval-base-on-the-horn-of-africa-for-china/, (diakses pada 04 April 2020).
Rahmawaty, A. (2015). Dalam artikel “KEBANGKITAN KEKUATAN CHINA DI AWAL ABAD 21”. Forum Kajian Pertahanan Maritim.
http://www.fkpmar.org/kebangkitan-kekuatan-china-di-awal-abad-21/, (diakses pada 01 September 2019).
Saju, P. S. (2017). Dalam artikel “Djibouti Dijadikan Pangkalan Militer Pertama China di Luar Negeri”. Beijing: KOMPAS (13 Juli 2017).
https://internasional.kompas.com › News › Internasional, (diakses pada 01 September 2019)
Sari, Amanda P. (2016). Dalam artikel “China Tingkatkan Anggaran Pertahanan 2016 Hingga 7 Persen”. CNN Indonesia (04 Maret 2016). https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20160304125332-113-115307/china-tingkatkan-anggaran-pertahanan-2016-hingga-7-persen, (diakses pada 20 Februari 2020).
Shuaihua, W. C. (2015). Dalam artikel “China’s new silk road: implications for the US”. YaleGlobal (May 28, 2015). http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/china%E2%80%99s-new-silk roadimplications-us, (diakses pada 07 September 2019).
Sofwan, Rinaldy. (2018). Dalam artikel “Tangkal China, India Bangun Pangkalan Militer di Seychelles”. CNN Indonesia (19 Februari 2018). https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20180219092640-113-277072/tangkal-china-india-bangun-pangkalan-militer-di-seychelles, (diakses pada 04 April 2020).
Tao, Zhang. (2016). Dalam artikel berita “Defense Ministry's regular press conference on Oct.27”. (October 28, 2016). http://eng.mod.gov.cn/Press/2016-10/28/content_4754431.htm, (diakses pada 04 April 2020).
The Guardian News. (2015). Dalam artikel “China willing to do more in Horn of Africa: Beijing”. https://guardian.ng/news/china-willing-to-do-more-in-horn-of-africa-beijing/, (diakses pada 04 April 2020).
The World Bank. (2019). Dalam artikel “Djibouti's Economic Update”. (October 9, 2019). https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/djibouti/publication/economic-update-october-2019, (diakses pada 26 Februari 2020).
Winsor, Morgan. (2016). Dalam artikel “With China's Naval Base, Djibouti Could Become 'Africa's Singapore”. International Business Times (4 February, 2016). http://www.ibtimes.com/chinasnaval-base-djibouti-could-become-africas-singapore-229258, (diakses pada 04 April 2020).
Yangzi, Deng. (2017). Dalam artikel berita “CMG Wants to Make African Port of Djibouti 'New Shekou'”. China Daily, (March 7, 2017), http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2017-03/07/content_28455386.htm, (diakses pada 01 April 2020).
Zhang, Zhixing. (2017). Dalam artikel “China Takes An Expansionist View Of Geopolitics”. https://www.forbes.com/sites/stratfor/2017/10/31/china-takes-an-expansionist-view-of-geopolitics/#773db7a76a52, (diakses pada 17 Februari 2020).
Published
2020-07-01
How to Cite
Darmawan, A., & Widya Ningsih, I. (2020). KEPENTINGAN CINA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN PANGKALAN MILITER DI DJIBOUTI PADA TAHUN 2016. Indonesian Journal of International Relations, 4(2), 142-163. https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v4i2.126
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2020 Indonesian Journal of International Relations
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
