POLITIK OFENSIF AMERIKA SERIKAT TERHADAP SIKAP DEFENSIF IRAN: DARI PERANG PROKSI HINGGA DOMINASI

  • Ahmad Zainal Mustofa UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
  • Nurus Syarifah UIN Sunan Kalijaga
Keywords: Kulminasi konflik, Proxy War, Teori Ofensif-Defensif, Qassem Soleimani

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This article describes the conflict between the United States and Iran in the form of a proxy war taking place in Syria and Yemen. The conflict culminated in the attack from US against Iran on January 3, 2020 in Iraq. The proxy war that took place between US and Iran, the plan of the US when cornered by Iran, and Iran’s response to the actions of the US will be explain in this paper. This study uses Offense-Defense theory as a means of analyzing the two countries. The method used in this research is descriptive analytical. The research concludes that the US and Iran are involved in proxy wars in Syria and Yemen. In Syria, the US stands as a supporter of government groups. Meanwhile, Iran stands as a group supporting the government. In Yemen, the US stands as a supporter of the government. Meanwhile, Iran stands as a supporter of supporters. The series of proxy wars led to an escalation due to the conflict suffered by the US. The White House then killed Mayor General Qassem Soleimani, who is an influential general in Iran, for being the actor behind the failure of their plan. Iran then responded with attacks on US military bases in Iraq. The reply is also an important concern for the US to increase security in its region.

Keywords: conflict culminated; proxy war; offense-defense; Qassem Soleimani.

 

ABSTRAK

Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang konflik antara Amerika Serikat dan Iran dalam bentuk perang proksi yang terjadi di Suriah dan Yaman. Kulminasi konflik tersebut berupa serangan dari AS terhadap Iran pada tanggal 3 Januari 2020 di Irak. Perang proksi yang terjadi antara AS-Iran, rencana AS ketika tersudutkan oleh Iran, dan respons Iran terhadap tindakan AS akan dipaparkan dalam tulisan ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori ofensif-defensif sebagai sarana untuk menganalisis konflik kedua negara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa AS dan Iran terlibat perang proksi di Suriah dan Yaman. Di Suriah, AS berdiri sebagai pendukung kelompok oposisi pemerintah. Sedangkan Iran berdiri sebagai kelompok pendukung pemerintah. Di Yaman, AS berdiri sebagai pendukung pemerintah. Sedangkan Iran berdiri sebagai pendukung oposisi. Serangkaian perang proksi tersebut menimbulkan eskalasi konflik akibat kekalahan yang diderita oleh AS. Pihak Gedung Putih kemudian membunuh Mayor Jenderal Qassem Soleimani yang merupakan jenderal berpengaruh di Iran karena dianggap sebagai aktor di balik kegagalan rencana mereka. Iran kemudian merespons dengan serangan ke basis militer AS di Irak. Balasan tersebut sekaligus menjadi atensi penting bagi AS untuk meningkatkan keamanan di wilayahnya.

Kata kunci: kulminasi konflik; perang proksi; teori ofensif-defensif; Qassem Soleimani.

 

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References

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Published
2021-07-27
How to Cite
Ahmad Zainal Mustofa, & Nurus Syarifah. (2021). POLITIK OFENSIF AMERIKA SERIKAT TERHADAP SIKAP DEFENSIF IRAN: DARI PERANG PROKSI HINGGA DOMINASI. Indonesian Journal of International Relations, 5(2), 118-139. https://doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v5i2.203